Arrays are Objects, yes, but nothing in Java is passed by reference. All parameter passing is by value. In the case of an Object, ... ... <看更多>

In Java, the only way to access an object or array is through a reference. When you declare a local variable or field which has a class or array type, ... ... <看更多>

The arrays backing the ArrayList s will have to dereference the Node pointer to get the id which is likely to be less efficient. If, however, ... ... <看更多>