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https://youtu.be/mXteNRzvJ5A
lm is model 在 兆宏模型國際 BA Facebook 的最佳解答
同時也有20部Youtube影片，追蹤數超過12萬的網紅一二三渡辺，也在其Youtube影片中提到，What is GT-R? GT-R is a vehicle developed with a main objective of use by the circuit the skyline that continues from the C10 Hacosca type (Macartu...
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- 關於lm is model 在 一二三渡辺 Youtube 的最佳解答
- 關於lm is model 在 一二三渡辺 Youtube 的精選貼文
- 關於lm is model 在 megumi sakaue Youtube 的最佳貼文
- 關於lm is model 在 The IS-LM Model 的評價
- 關於lm is model 在 Macroeconomics: The IS-LM Model (short introduction) 的評價
lm is model 在 渾水財經Channel Facebook 的精選貼文
【畢打街閒人】Bitcoin取代歐元，成新貨幣聯盟？（渾水）
講比特幣呃like之前，先講少少學術東西做引子。香港中文大學常標榜自己有四位諾貝爾得獎學者，兩位是來自科學界的楊振寧和高錕，另外兩位則是經濟學界的James Mirrlees和Robert Mundell。以Robert Mundell為例，他的專有銜頭是「Distinguished Professor-at-Large」，我暫時找不到最合適的中文翻譯，譯做「上神枱」算比較貼切。
上神枱的諾獎教授，有時都要食吓人間煙火，下凡見吓學生，講吓課咁。大約二○一二年左右，確實日子我不太記得，當時被譽為「歐元之父」的Prof. Mundell在中文大學講學，題目是講他拿手的International finance，講歐元這個貨幣聯盟結構。時值希臘危機開始醞釀，那時有一位不修邊幅的小屁孩舉手問問題，大膽問大教授是否依然相信歐盟不會解體，歐元無問題。大教授Mundell誓神劈願講明無問題，小屁孩記憶猶深。當然，我不會承認小屁孩就是我，因為全世界都知道我份人比較低調。
結果，由二○一二年到現在，希臘債務問題發酵成政治主權問題。希臘之外，其他歐豬四國都相繼出現大大小小的債務危機，全世界都在討論德國這個富親戚應不應該接濟一班窮親戚，國際貨幣組織大感頭痛，歐元作為歐洲各國的通用貨幣，正受到史無前例的挑戰。同時，英國現正進入脫歐程序，雖然英國一直沿用本國貨幣，貨幣經濟方面沒有直接影響，但政治多少傷害到歐元的信用（credibility）。本來天下大勢合久必分，分久必合，可惜大教授不諳中文，領悟不到羅貫中的才情。
好啦，這些經濟學學術東西關比特幣咩事？
一般投資者愛把比特幣看成投機工具多於貨幣本質，主力估算其升勢、跌勢，看看有多少投機炒作潛力，務求在音樂椅完之前盡早笠水走人。不過，經濟學者可能會更關心比特幣的貨幣本質多一點。尤其是區塊鏈（Blockchain）是超越前人的概念，因為去中央化、在電子世界記賬等先進發明，令到比特幣可以在各國流通，甚至令人猜想比特幣可能是比歐元更穩定的共同貨幣。
Mundell最廣為人知的理論是Mundell--Fleming model（又稱IS-LM-BoP model），屬於經濟學系大學二年級生必修的模型，模型涵蓋範圍很廣闊，包括商品市場、生產要求市場、貨幣市場和外匯市場等，可謂集各家之大成。一般經濟系大學生，包括我，為了應付考試讀書，只會死記參數（parameters）如何改變模型的logic flows，改變線的移動和方程式的改變。實際上，學這個模型不純為考試和GPA，而是為了鋪路去了解Mundell建構最優貨幣區（Optimum currency area）的貨幣主張。
最優貨幣區是Mundell一九六一年提出的理論，是藉研究考慮各國的經濟條件後，背後暗推共同貨幣這個理念。因為政治和歷史因素，二戰後促成歐盟成立，令Mundell的理論引發廣泛討論，將他推做「歐元之父」。現在的歐元，就是Mundell的最大實驗場。歐元的根基，還是在於歐洲央行。無他，區塊鏈技術當時未確立嘛，歐元還未經得起去中央化（decentralised）的考驗。歐盟的貨幣問題，學理上叫「Triffin dilemma」，因為國家的經濟目標和經濟狀況，未必跟貨幣區的經濟目標和狀況一致，強行逼小國跟大國鼻子走，反而破壞貿易，勉強無幸福嘛。後凱因斯學派甚至認為，這樣的結構可能令fiscal policy的效用大減。現在的歐元或歐盟，正處於分崩離析階段，看來Mundell這個超越半世紀的偉大實驗也差不多可以下個結論吧。另一個關於區塊鏈的新實驗，也差不多要上馬吧。
地球上的貨幣通論，多是「一個司法管轄地區，一個貨幣」，共同貨幣是新鮮事。Mundell暗推共同貨幣這個理念，當時被同為諾獎得主，也是貨幣經濟學大師佛利民（Milton Friedman）看穿，他倆之間曾有不少學術交流、火併，花生味十足。
貨幣由以物易物進化到以礦物本位，是革命性突破。新朝王莽亂改貨幣，到明朝的金花銀，以至一戰前常用的金本位，相信大家都不陌生。Bretton Woods system令到美國貨幣成為世界貨幣，一個國家的貨幣成為另一個國家貨幣的錨，又是另一突破。
科技可以令經濟學的理論得以進一步的實踐和應用，我是這樣堅信的。區塊鏈這技術可以帶貨幣經濟學走到多遠，只怕我這科技盲，窮一生都睇不透。
http://nextplus.nextmedia.com/news/latest/20180112/567113
lm is model 在 渾水財經Channel Facebook 的最佳貼文
渾水：一次性貶值的貨幣操作（上）
十一月初，除了香港人所關注的宣誓風波和人大釋法事件外，地球另一端發生了一個關鍵的貨幣操作，就是埃及鎊宣布跟美元脫鉤。埃及鎊將會進行一次性貶值，幅度高達 46%。同樣地，2014 年委內瑞拉也是因為一些老套原因，例如政治不穩、外債到期、經濟不振等，同樣地容許了自由匯價操作，結果委內瑞拉貨幣玻利瓦爾單日貶了 89%。
大概我有興趣的東西都太離地，所以未必會有香港媒體跟進。我想講的是，當外匯系統的負荷去到極點，例如實行固定匯率的國家無法再支持本國貨幣，央行就要考慮一個政策決動，就係「頂」還是「唔頂」。「頂」即係繼續去燒央行的外匯儲備，當中要盤算一下外匯儲備的多少；「唔頂」即是放棄控制匯率，讓匯價自由浮動，很多時就是造成一次性貶值。
「唔頂」之後的結果，很視乎國家的宏觀貨幣政策。經濟學有三元悖論（The Impossible Trinity），也是貨幣政策獨立性、資本自由流動與匯率穩定這三個政策目標不可能同時達到。這個悖論是來自 Robert A. Mundell，他跟 J.Marcus Fleming 在傳統的 IS-LM 模型當中，滲入了 Interest Rate Parity 和 Purchasing Power Parity，也就是鼎鼎大名的集各家大全的 Mundell Fleming Model，讀國際金融基本上必學。三元悖論中提到，一個國家只能夠在「貨幣政策獨立法」、「匯率穩定」、以及「資本自由流動」之中三選其二。
講太多理論東西，就是因為現在中國正面對「頂」與「唔頂」的問題。這些理論，就是為了鋪陳中國經濟的分析。中國內地人口裡說不，身體卻很誠實，個個口裡愛國，不過身體卻把資產移走，引發了走資潮。走資潮的客觀效果就是沽倒人民幣，去買他國貨幣或他國資產，這就對人民幣匯價做成衝擊。不少評論員曾提出，要好像 93 年朱鎔基的操作，一次性大幅貶值去解決走資問題。這個話題，我下星期會去講。一次性貶值雖然是震盪療法，為了長治久安而痛一次，不過弊病卻也不少。
「頂」與「唔頂」也是政治上問題，亞洲金融風暴時索羅斯狙擊亞洲貨幣，香港外圍的經濟體通常都選擇了「唔頂」，但當時曾蔭權選擇了「頂」，結果他頂贏了，贏得掌聲。那怕他賠上了政府自由不干預的市場方針，他的政績變得非常亮麗。然後就扶搖直上，鋪路成為了清潔大隊長，抱歉，是香港第二任行政長官才對。
http://www.cup.com.hk/…/muddydirtywater-one-time-currency-…/
lm is model 在 一二三渡辺 Youtube 的最佳解答
What is GT-R?
GT-R is a vehicle developed with a main objective of use by the circuit the skyline that continues from the C10 Hacosca type (Macartun). It is a car like the assumption of the win in the race though it is a passenger car base, a mission installing equipment and an engine different from other grades of the skyline, and the influences on other domestic production sports cars, etc.Therefore, there are a lot of madly devoted fans, and the engineer also has a special sticking to. The name of GT-R for that is assumed, and there is a model not permitted either, and it assumes the existence of GT-R to be the one of more special crown. ｢There are three famous alphabets worldwide. It is G, T, and R. I will promise here. GT-R revives without fail. ｣Carlos Ghosn COO (at that time) made remarks on "GT-R concept" ahead by opening about presentation at the press conference on the Tokyo Motor Show in 2001. I can ask this car for the posture of Nissan that offers it because it entrusted such a content to Gorn where only a thorough rationalization strategy is often taken up. This promise is sold, and the mass production type is announced by the 40th Tokyo Motor Show on October 24, 2007 and Carlos Ghosn will be sold accomplishment Nissan and GT-R on December 6, 2007. Especially, it is known, and not only the country but also the world is 13 in the reputation of R from active distinguished services very much in an overseas race that has infiltrated by calling Godzilla (Godzilla) as for the name though it is from R32 type. Therefore, GT-R of R32, R33, and R34 is introduced to foreign countries though the skyline is almost a car only for the domestic sale by exporter's hand. As for the reputation, R33GT-R was sold to the model end very high as regular export in Britain though 100 V-spec was a limitation to R34GT-R similarly in addition by 100 limitation.
This is to receive the thing that eminence in Europe goes up by participating as "NISMO GT-R LM" to demand of saying to Nissan Motor Co., "It wants you to sell it also in foreign countries" strong, and 24 hour in Le Mans endurance race. There is a user who says that there are value (scarcity) more than Ferrari and status, too and the satisfaction rating to a practical side is very high though only the high income group was able to buy 10.8 million yen when converting it into Japanese yen in Britain because of the tariff by the thing that does (The price of a new car of V-specII of a domestic specification is 5 million 748 thousand yen) , saying that "The family is taken though it is efficient as the sports running can be done". Britain..car..performance..technology..high..externals..Tokyo..taxi..criticize..this..writing..Britain..joke..rather..face..usual..passenger car..contents..sports car..concept..fresh..assuming that..accept..thing..turn inside out..expression.It was received with good feeling in "Cargai (car favor)" actually. Both of these 200 total are sold all on several days.
Additionally, the individual was exported to Germany, France, Switzerland, the United States, Hong Kong, and UAE, etc. (To our regret, putting the car that had not suited the standard in the United States according to state might become the violation of the law, and there was a case where the trader was restrained to the police authority, and had been imprisoned, too). Moreover, Michael Clm active with SUPER GT also buys two R34GT-R in Japan, and it transports it to Monaco.
A British specification : with a domestic specification though is especially the enormous discrepancy. Type..locale..regulations..according to..correspondence..security..strengthen..headlight..halogen..valve..make..security..standard..suit..change..speed limiter..Europe..self-imposed restraint..value..improve..scale..speed..meter..adoption..country..specification..spec..adopt..genuine leather..seat..equip..Britain..specification..this..skin..hand..work..put..one..Japan..lineup..provide..red..epidermal..selection..tentatively..Japan..limitation..put on the market.
The name of GT-R still was not revealed at this point, and the flow of GT-A and GT-B that had been put up was drawn to a hot model of the second generation skyline, and there was a rumor of becoming GT-C, too, when marketing it founder GT-R in the Hacosca age was though the reference was exhibited to the prototype of the type in the previous year's 1968 Tokyo Motor Show put on the market immediately before marketing.
There are already a lot of owners of GT-R who dislike excessively putting the hand from the perfection as the tuning car high while stocked. Moreover, because the emblem of GT-R is applied to a standard model and a lot of tunings shown like GT-R are done by transplanting the bumper, it is possible to visit the popularity of the style of GT-R. To catch it ..engine power to keep.. firmly, great Modefai is often added to the exterior an of course favorite ..core.. tuning.
lm is model 在 一二三渡辺 Youtube 的精選貼文
What is GT-R?
GT-R is a vehicle developed with a main objective of use by the circuit the skyline that continues from the C10 Hacosca type (Macartun). It is a car like the assumption of the win in the race though it is a passenger car base, a mission installing equipment and an engine different from other grades of the skyline, and the influences on other domestic production sports cars, etc.Therefore, there are a lot of madly devoted fans, and the engineer also has a special sticking to. The name of GT-R for that is assumed, and there is a model not permitted either, and it assumes the existence of GT-R to be the one of more special crown. ｢There are three famous alphabets worldwide. It is G, T, and R. I will promise here. GT-R revives without fail. ｣Carlos Ghosn COO (at that time) made remarks on "GT-R concept" ahead by opening about presentation at the press conference on the Tokyo Motor Show in 2001. I can ask this car for the posture of Nissan that offers it because it entrusted such a content to Gorn where only a thorough rationalization strategy is often taken up. This promise is sold, and the mass production type is announced by the 40th Tokyo Motor Show on October 24, 2007 and Carlos Ghosn will be sold accomplishment Nissan and GT-R on December 6, 2007. Especially, it is known, and not only the country but also the world is 13 in the reputation of R from active distinguished services very much in an overseas race that has infiltrated by calling Godzilla (Godzilla) as for the name though it is from R32 type. Therefore, GT-R of R32, R33, and R34 is introduced to foreign countries though the skyline is almost a car only for the domestic sale by exporter's hand. As for the reputation, R33GT-R was sold to the model end very high as regular export in Britain though 100 V-spec was a limitation to R34GT-R similarly in addition by 100 limitation.
This is to receive the thing that eminence in Europe goes up by participating as "NISMO GT-R LM" to demand of saying to Nissan Motor Co., "It wants you to sell it also in foreign countries" strong, and 24 hour in Le Mans endurance race. There is a user who says that there are value (scarcity) more than Ferrari and status, too and the satisfaction rating to a practical side is very high though only the high income group was able to buy 10.8 million yen when converting it into Japanese yen in Britain because of the tariff by the thing that does (The price of a new car of V-specII of a domestic specification is 5 million 748 thousand yen) , saying that "The family is taken though it is efficient as the sports running can be done". Britain..car..performance..technology..high..externals..Tokyo..taxi..criticize..this..writing..Britain..joke..rather..face..usual..passenger car..contents..sports car..concept..fresh..assuming that..accept..thing..turn inside out..expression.It was received with good feeling in "Cargai (car favor)" actually. Both of these 200 total are sold all on several days.
Additionally, the individual was exported to Germany, France, Switzerland, the United States, Hong Kong, and UAE, etc. (To our regret, putting the car that had not suited the standard in the United States according to state might become the violation of the law, and there was a case where the trader was restrained to the police authority, and had been imprisoned, too). Moreover, Michael Clm active with SUPER GT also buys two R34GT-R in Japan, and it transports it to Monaco.
A British specification : with a domestic specification though is especially the enormous discrepancy. Type..locale..regulations..according to..correspondence..security..strengthen..headlight..halogen..valve..make..security..standard..suit..change..speed limiter..Europe..self-imposed restraint..value..improve..scale..speed..meter..adoption..country..specification..spec..adopt..genuine leather..seat..equip..Britain..specification..this..skin..hand..work..put..one..Japan..lineup..provide..red..epidermal..selection..tentatively..Japan..limitation..put on the market.
The name of GT-R still was not revealed at this point, and the flow of GT-A and GT-B that had been put up was drawn to a hot model of the second generation skyline, and there was a rumor of becoming GT-C, too, when marketing it founder GT-R in the Hacosca age was though the reference was exhibited to the prototype of the type in the previous year's 1968 Tokyo Motor Show put on the market immediately before marketing.
There are already a lot of owners of GT-R who dislike excessively putting the hand from the perfection as the tuning car high while stocked. Moreover, because the emblem of GT-R is applied to a standard model and a lot of tunings shown like GT-R are done by transplanting the bumper, it is possible to visit the popularity of the style of GT-R. To catch it ..engine power to keep.. firmly, great Modefai is often added to the exterior an of course favorite ..core.. tuning.
lm is model 在 megumi sakaue Youtube 的最佳貼文
SSD換装へと続きます。
Motherboard : P6X58D-E - ASUS
CPU : Core i7 980X 3.33GHz
Memory : 6G DDR3 1333
GPU : GTX TITAN 2 SLI
上記はリスナー様（みのたそ）のプレゼントです
SSD：256G confidence
上記はリスナー様よりのプレゼントです
電源 : EA-750 PLATINUM
CASE : NZXT H440W-WH
その他 : 部屋に転がっていたもの
ありがとう(´；ω；`)
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