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消費性貸款拖欠量大增，中國「討債產業」蓬勃發展

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🏦 In China, banks and internet lenders trying to collect on a growing pile of overdue credit-card bills and personal loans are resorting to sometimes aggressive tactics to get borrowers to repay.在中國，銀行和網路貸款機構正試圖收回愈來愈多的逾期信用卡欠款和個人貸款，這些機構有時會採取激進手段讓借款人償還債務。

-overdue: 逾期未付的
-resort to: 訴諸某種手段、採取
-aggressive: 激進的


⚒Since January, when the coronavirus began spreading across China, the country’s lenders have been grappling with rising volumes of delinquent consumer loans after many people were confined to their homes for months, suffered pay cuts or lost their jobs.
今年1月新冠病毒疫情開始在中國蔓延，許多人被困家中數月，遭遇減薪或失業，消費貸款拖欠數量不斷增加，從那時起中國貸款機構一直努力應對這種狀況。

-grapple with: 設法解決、努力應對
-delinquent: 拖欠的、逾期未付的
-be confined to: 被困於…、受限
-pay cuts: 減薪


🔎Some banks and online lenders were also hamstrung in their debt collection efforts during a more than 10-week lockdown of the central Chinese city of Wuhan, where many call centers are located.
在武漢長達10幾個星期的封鎖期間，有些銀行和在線貸款機構的追債業務也無法進行——武漢是許多呼叫中心的所在地。

-hamstring: 令人受挫、使人無法施展
-debt collecting: 討債、追債
-lockdown: 封鎖


🌊Before the downturn, the country’s consumers racked up record volumes of credit-card debt and short-term loans, as well as mortgages and auto loans as banks and online lenders jockeyed for business while the economy was booming.
在這波經濟低迷期前，隨著銀行和線上貸款機構在經濟繁榮期間競相爭取業務，中國消費者的信用卡債務、短期貸款以及抵押貸款和汽車貸款規模達到創紀錄的水準。

-economic downturn 景氣低迷
-rack up 累計、累加
-jockey for sth: 謀取、爭取某事
✍常見搭配：jockey with sb 和…競爭，用法同 compete with



🌿The proliferation of smartphones and mobile apps in recent years also gave millions of people greater access to loans from online lenders. Many borrowers provided the contact details for their family members and friends when applying for loans.
近年來，智慧型手機和行動應用程式的普及也讓數以百萬計的人更容易從線上貸款機構獲得貸款。許多借款人在申請貸款時提供了家人和朋友的聯繫方式。

-proliferation: 快速增長、急速擴張、普及
-give access to: 給予…的管道、得以取得


未完待續...
討債業何以成為疫情下的商機？
加入文末每日國際選讀計畫，解鎖完整語音導讀版

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原文連結請看留言
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❓❓多益模擬題❓:

Wang Xiaoting, founder of Beijing-based He Sheng Fintech Co., a company that ______ hundreds of individuals to collect debts __________ banks and licensed online lenders, said loan delinquencies are rising among young Chinese who borrowed heavily to fund their free-spending ways before the pandemic hit.

🙋🏻‍♀️🙋🏼‍♀️
A. deploys/ in the name of
B. employs/ on behalf of
C. ploys/ on the part of
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【每日國際選讀：六大災難專題報導】
No.3 #美國911事件
🚨911的啟示——美國的警鐘到全球的喪鐘？

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🛩When al Qaeda terrorists flew jetliners into the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, they delivered an unprecedented shock to the nation’s sense of security and its economy. Commercial aviation was grounded for three days. The destruction to lower Manhattan closed the stock markets. Heightened security slowed trade with Canada and Mexico to a crawl. Nervous shoppers stayed away from stores and malls.
當蓋達組織駕駛著噴射客機撞向紐約世貿中心及五角大廈時，他們給美國的安全感以及經濟帶來了前所未有的衝擊，航空業因此停業三天，曼哈頓下城區的毀壞導致股票休市，高強度的安檢使得跟加拿大及墨西哥間的貿易停滯不前，焦慮的民眾因此不敢到商店及購物中心消費。

-unprecedented: 前所未見的（最近很常出現的用字！）
-ground: 常見用法是名詞為地板，此做動詞是禁足、限制的意思
-crawl: 爬行，此作名詞使用

🛩Economists predicted the attacks would tip a slowing economy into recession. People would be more reluctant to fly, work in a tall building or base their office in New York City.
因民眾將愈發不願搭乘飛機、在高樓工作，或是將辦公室設於紐約，當時經濟學家預測這將使當時已放緩的美國經濟進入衰退。

-tip: 使傾倒，這邊是個很生動的用法，搭配介係詞into，表示將當時已經搖搖欲墜經濟給再推了下，推入衰退中，這也是近期在專欄中第二次出現的字了！
reluctant: 不情願的

📉But the U.S. bounced back remarkably quickly. It was later determined that a recession triggered by the technology bust had begun six months before the attacks and ended two months afterward.
但隨後美國經濟卻迅速反彈，事後發現當時經濟已經因為半年前的科技泡沫而開始衰退，隨後在911事件兩個月後，這波衰退就結束了。

-bounce back: 反彈
-determine: 確定、查明
-trigger: 作名詞是槍上的板機，動詞則引申為觸發之意
＊technology bust: 又名為Dot-com bubble，網路泡沫，從1995年開始至2000年三月到達高點，期間納斯達克指數大漲400%，2000年三月後開始回跌，到2002年十月時將泡沫期間的漲幅全數吐回。

🚀One reason was the aggressive policy response. The day the markets reopened, the Fed and its counterparts in the Eurozone, Canada and Sweden all slashed rates. Low rates inspired auto manufacturers to roll out zero percent financing, sending sales skyrocketing. Fears of terrorism faded when new attacks didn’t materialize.
經濟反彈的主因為積極的政策應對，在市場重啟的那天，聯準會以及歐元區、加拿大與瑞典的央行都紛紛降息，低利率促使汽車製造商推出零利率貸款，因此讓銷量飛昇，後續也沒有新的恐攻發生，民眾因此對恐怖主義的懼怕也逐漸消退。

-slash: 名詞就是斜槓，動詞可以想像就是畫一條斜線，有砍下去的意思，因此搭配rates(利率)就是降息的意思喔！
-roll out: 推出、實施（新的方案等）
skyrocket: 飛向天空的火箭，做動詞用就是有如火箭升空一般，表示迅速飆漲、飛昇

💵Within two weeks Congress approved $40 billion for emergency rebuilding and defense and $5 billion in cash assistance and up to $10 billion in loan guarantees to airlines. Both parties agreed more stimulus was needed but negotiations soon bogged down over its composition. When a package worth $51 billion over one year and $94 billion over five years finally passed in March, a recovery was already well under way.
在兩週內美國國會就通過了400億美元的緊急重建與國防資金、50億美元的現金援助，以及高達100億美元的航空業擔保貸款，當時民主與共和兩黨都同意需要更多的經濟刺激方案，但不久後方案協商即陷入僵局，到了三月才終於通過一年510億的預算以及五年內940億美元的預算，到了此時經濟已進入復甦階段。

-approve: 通過、核可
-bog down: 阻礙、攔阻
-composition: 本為作曲、作文之意，此處為方案的產出

To be continued…
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❓❓Quiz: The outbreak _____ the economy into ______.
🙋🏼‍♀️🙋🏻‍♀️💁這場疫情使經濟陷入衰退。
A. tip, recession
B. tipped, recession
C. tripped, recess
D. Batman, Spartan
(第一版出題有誤，已修正）

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