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Imagination光線追蹤技術 導入行動裝置應用里程碑
行動裝置蓬勃發展，手遊已是遊戲的主流，在裝置顯示能力不斷提升的同時，遊戲畫面也更加要求精細度與高更新率；為此，Imagination發表行動裝置使用的光線追蹤(Ray Tracing)技術，解決極耗運算的挑戰，實現行動裝置遊戲畫面光影變幻與反射的自然表現。
#光線追蹤 #Ray Tracing #Cascaded Shadow Maps #混合渲染 #神經網路 #AI
#獨家 世界衛生組織將台灣問題相關聲明稿下架！
世界衛生組織(WHO)在台灣時間今(6)日凌晨以 "How the World Health Organization works with all people, everywhere" 為題發了一篇聲明稿，試圖為排除台灣參與 WHO 辯解。不過這篇聲明卻在不到 24 小時內就被 WHO 網站下架，直至晚間6時30分仍呈現「找不到網頁」（This page cannot be found），《沃草》透過世衛網站暫存紀錄，獨家為大家揭露該篇聲明內容。
聲明中，WHO仍稱與台灣相關的事務為「中國台灣事務」（ Taiwan, China issues），針對全球的種種批評，WHO 仍稱之為誤解（misunderstandings），並聲稱是有些人將「技術性的維護全球公共健康任務」與「決定 WHO 會員資格的權限」混淆，似乎打算以此來回應國際要求讓台灣加入 WHO 的呼聲。
聲明中多處重申 WHO 在 3 月 29 日公布的聲明（https://waa.tw/Qsu21N），認為 WHO 與台灣設有聯絡點、台灣專家曾參與 WHO 會議等，並表示台灣參與世界衛生大會的觀察員資格是在一次次的會員國投票中遭到否決，以及提起讓中華人民共和國取代中華民國聯合國席位的聯合國 2758 決議文，表示世界衛生大會遵循此決議及其中的一中原則。
似乎是為回應全球對 WHO 應對流行病能力的質疑，WHO 在聲明中表示「有些人可能認為 WHO 成員組成影響我們維護世界安全的能力，但更重要的是要了解我們的治理方式和實踐方式。」
暫存檔網址：https://waa.tw/dohkIm
聲明截圖：https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VP-KMgP4wb6Oy8jQkOjoSu-DWGS3Xqkb/view
原新聞稿網址：https://waa.tw/lFKd8M
（以下為世界衛生組織聲明原文）
標題：Update: How the World Health Organization works with all people, everywhere
發表時間：5 April 2020 Statement
內文：
In recent months we have seen misunderstandings in social media and the news media about how WHO manages global public health issues. In particular, there are a lot of questions about Taiwan, China issues. Some people are confusing WHO’s technical global public health mandate, with the mandate of countries to determine WHO’s membership. Countries decide this. The WHO Secretariat focuses on keeping the world safe.
WHO works to promote the health of all people, everywhere. Indeed, one of our overarching goals is Universal Health Coverage. #healthforall. We are an organization with a staff of physicians, scientists, researchers and public health experts who are committed to serving all people regardless of nationality, race, ethnicity, religion, gender.
This includes the people of Taiwan. We serve them through regular interactions with their experts and authorities on vital public health issues. This has been the case over many years, including during the COVID-19 pandemic.
It is understandable that some people might think that the composition of WHO’s membership affects our ability to keep the world safe. But it is important to understand both how we are governed and how we operate in practice.
WHO is part of the United Nations, whose membership is the mandate of countries. In 1971, countries of the world participating in the United Nations General Assembly recognized the People’s Republic of China as “the only legitimate representative of China,” in effect, a one-China policy. That is contained in UNGA Resolution 2758. In 1972, the World Health Assembly decided in WHA Resolution 25.1 to follow that.
Every year, members have a chance to discuss important proposals during the World Health Assembly, where rules and policies governing WHO are decided. For example, at different times, some countries have proposed giving Taiwan’s authorities a special status – that of observing the annual World Health Assembly.
There have been 14 times over the last 22 years (1997-2006; and in 2008, 2017, 2018, 2019) when countries discussed whether a delegation from Taiwan could attend the World Health Assembly as an observer. Each time the countries decided against it by consensus – except in 1997 and 2004 when there were votes: (by 128 votes to 19 in 1997; and by 133 votes to 25 in 2004). In 2007, the issue wasn’t observer status, but membership, and countries decided against considering that by a vote of 148 to 17.
There have been occasions when it was clear that there was general support among WHO countries for Taiwan to take an observer seat at the World Health Assembly. Between 2009 and 2016, it did so under the name “Chinese Taipei.”
But having a seat at the WHA, or not having a seat at the WHA, does not affect, in any way, whether an area or population benefits from WHO expertise and guidance. WHO helps all people, everywhere.
WHO and Taiwan’s health experts interact throughout the year on vital public health and scientific issues, according to well-established arrangements.
During the current COVID-19 pandemic, interactions have been stepped up, both through existing channels and new ones as well.
Here are examples of WHO-Taiwan interactions around the coronavirus pandemic:
-- There is an established International Health Regulations (IHR) Point of Contact (POC) for Taiwan. Taiwan’s POC receives IHR (2005) communications, provides IHR information updates from Taiwan directly to WHO Headquarters, and has access to the IHR Event Information Site (EIS) system. The EIS system is a password-protected database and information exchange platform supporting the IHR. It is the well-established platform for all IHR communications, back and forth, between WHO and IHR contacts.
-- Health experts from Taiwan participate in two of the key WHO networks set up in January 2020 to support WHO work in the global COVID-19 response. Three experts from Taiwan are part of the WHO Infection Prevention and Control Network: two are part of the WHO Clinical Network. Every week, they join some 60 to 80 other experts from around the globe through a WHO-hosted teleconference, working to advance our knowledge and guidance in this response.
-- Two public health experts from Taiwan participated in the Global Research and Innovation Forum organized by WHO on 11-12 February 2020. They took part, alongside other world scientists, in considering critical research questions and in finding ways to work together to advance the response.
-- Taiwan’s Field Epidemiology Training Program is a member of the Training Programs in Epidemiology and Public Health Interventions Network (also known as “TEPHINET”). WHO shares Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network alerts and requests for assistance with TEPHINET, and those messages are cascaded to the TEPHINET members.
-- WHO, through its technical lead, has directly briefed health authorities from Taiwan and has offered again.
--Taiwan’s health experts and authorities have open access to developments, guidance and other materials through the WHO’s website (www.who.int) and other digital platforms.
--They can access the www.OpenWHO.org platform, which hosts open online courses for decisionmakers and responders around the world. During the COVID-19 pandemic, OpenWHO usage has reached more than 1 million.
--WHO has a designated contact point with their office in Geneva. Through this channel, general questions are handled and when technical concerns arise, WHO technical responses are coordinated.
--WHO also interacts with Taiwan’s health authorities through the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control.
Importantly, the COVID-19 caseload in Taiwan is low relative to population. We continue to follow developments closely, and WHO is taking lessons learned from all areas.
Interactions with Taiwan during the response to the pandemic is not exceptional. Here are some examples of regular interactions with Taiwan’s health authorities and WHO, over many years, through well-established arrangements, and across many different global health concerns:
Over the course of 2019, Taiwan’s experts were invited to attend 9 WHO technical meetings. They attended 8 of these meetings, contributing to WHO expert processes on issues including immunization, drug-resistant TB, assistive technologies, vaccine safety and SDG targets on NCDs and Mental Health. Prior to the Covid-19 emergency, work was underway for more expert participation from Taiwan in 2020.
On influenza, Taiwan vaccine manufacturer Adimmune contributes to the WHO Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Framework (PIP Framework) and preparations are underway for concluding an agreement between WHO and Adimmune under the PIP Framework for pandemic influenza vaccine products;
In the fight against cancer, experts from Taiwan have contributed to key publications issued by the WHO International Agency for Research on Cancer;
In support of the International Health Regulations, an expert from Taiwan has been appointed to the IHR Expert Roster; and
On a range of other issues, from WHO pre-qualification practices for pharmaceutical manufacturers to malaria, there are exchanges with WHO on practical and technical issues.
It is fair to say that the contribution of Taiwan’s health experts to WHO, and their interactions with us, are well-developed and broad-based. And these interactions add value to the work of WHO and to global health.
【 WHO破天荒發表聲明談論台灣參與議題】
感謝香港媒體（RTHK）前兩天推特上讓WHO高級顧問Bruce Aylward窘態百出的影片以及族繁不及備載的轉推，WHO在迫於輿論壓力之下剛剛罕見地發了一篇聲明（Statement）談台灣的會員問題。
這篇聲明非常故意地用了一個模糊不清(或說是莫名其妙)的標題“Information sharing on COVID-19”(COVID-19 的資訊分享)，刻意避開Taiwan這個字，但通篇聲明都在講台灣。
聲明重點：台灣的會員資格由會員國決定，不是WHO職員決定。（The question of Taiwanese membership in WHO is up to WHO Member States, not WHO staff. ）
聲明最後強調：
Membership in WHO and status issues are decided by Member States and the rules they set at WHO’s governing body, the World Health Assembly.
意思就是：不要再怪譚德賽或Aylward，有本事台灣叫WHO會員國在WHA上決定。
該聲明列出了三點來舉證WHO跟台灣在現行程序下（following established procedures）進行合作，包括：
1. 台灣有一個國際衛生條例（IHR）的聯絡窗口（point of contact, POC），且台灣有權限可以進入WHO的Event Information Site (EIS) Platform。
There is a Taiwanese International Health Regulations Point of Contact, who receives IHR (2005) communications and has access to the Event Information Site (EIS) Platform (a password-protected database and information exchange mechanism supporting the IHR (2005)).
2. 台灣衛生調查訓練班(FETP)是流行病學與公共衛生防治訓練網(Training Programs in Epidemiology and Public Health Interventions Network , TEPHINET)一員，世衛將全球疫情警報與回應網絡分享給TEPHINET，而這些訊息也傳送給TEPHINET會員。
The Taiwanese Field Epidemiology Training Program is a member of the Training Programs in Epidemiology and Public Health Interventions Network (also known as “TEPHINET”). WHO shares Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network alerts and requests for assistance with TEPHINET, and those messages are cascaded to the TEPHINET members.
3. 兩位台灣公衛專家參加今年2月11-12日WHO舉辦的全球創研論壇，與包括中國大陸在內的全球科學家一起針對疫情回應做出貢獻。
Two Taiwanese public health experts participated in the Global Research and Innovation Forum organized by WHO on 11-12 February 2020, thus contributing, alongside other world scientists, including from mainland China, to critical research questions and to finding ways to work together to advance the response.
看完這篇聲明，我認為我們應該要正面接球，說明如下。
第一，台灣長期爭取參與WHO/WHA，但台灣會員/觀察員議題始終沒辦法登上檯面。這次“多虧”Aylward在港媒前失態，WHO用了一整篇聲明來談台灣。此時不接球正面回應，更待何時？對台灣來說，這是天上掉下來的公關契機。
第二，台灣該如何回應？最重要的，就是針對上述那三點逐一回應，包括：
- 衛福部的這個IHR POC運作狀況如何？運作方式是怎樣？（電郵往返數量？對方收件者層級為何？有無已讀不回？）設立多年下來與WHO的聯繫品質好壞（包括去向跟來向的資訊傳遞狀況）？對台灣來說，這個POC機制有無不足？我們有權限進去的EIS後台，真的能提供足夠資訊嗎？
- 台灣的FETP真的如聲明所說，有辦法取得足夠資訊嗎？
- 今年二月份我國公衛專家參與會議過程？近年來台灣專家參與WHO會議的數量？為何有些會議台灣無法參加？
既然台灣政府多年來主張我們沒辦法參與WHO或是沒辦法取得足夠或即時資訊，現在就應跟要針對WHO這篇聲明擬出 #英文版官方回應 逐一回擊，讓全世界看到WHO說法的荒謬及不合理之處。
我可以理解，台灣政府在過去針對「台灣與WHO的現行IHR 聯絡窗口」這一塊不太向外界揭露運作現況，也許有個原因是不想破壞彼此的工作默契，也或許是WHO要求我方不要張揚或其他原因。
但今天既然WHO公開拿這點作為擋箭牌來合理化「台灣不需要以會員國或觀察員身份參與WHO」，我們更應該直球對決，向國際社會嚴正聲明台灣積極參與的必要性。
我也在此呼籲，台灣政府及公民社會，應該要積極思考如何以眾人之力，回應這篇WHO聲明，在國際輿論上趁勝追擊。如果沒有強力回應，等於默許了WHO這篇聲明的論述。
這是台灣參與WHO議題最接近國際媒體版面的一次，務實、創意及可行性缺一不可。
以上，我以台灣世衛外交協會世衛台灣 Global Health Diplomacy顧問的個人身份建議。
#WHO
#WHA
華爾街日報3.4折訂購優惠：
https://reurl.cc/M7p8ev
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https://www.who.int/…/29-03-2020-information-sharing-on-cov…
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