關於 climate change mitigation and adaptation ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

【Startup Adventure】2021 Presidential Hackathon calls for your participation!
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
💡 Application deadline:
International Track: August 4, 2021 (GMT+8 15:00)

💡 Challenge Theme:
Sustainability 2.0 – Climate Action
We are all facing the challenge of the climate change. Therefore, we call for hackers through innovative thinking and digital technology to cross the boundaries and make efforts to climate action.

You may want to consider any topics such as climate mitigation or climate adaptation. Let’s put our heads together to make a better world. Set sail, hackers!

👉Presidential Hackathon International Track 2021 website
https://reurl.cc/5oYpDM
👉Presidential Hackathon International Track 2021 official video
https://youtu.be/YOe-A9MlXZ0

#PresidentialHackathon2021
#PH2021

【創業大冒險】2021黑客啟航⛵️總統盃黑客松徵的就是你
💡徵件日期：
5月14日~8月4日 (國際松)
5月14日~7月16日 (國內松)

🌎#國際松 以「Sustainability 2.0 –Climate Action (永續2.0-氣候行動)」為主題，希望透過號召黑客們一起運用資料提出解方，無論是災害預警、災後復原調適、碳足跡盤查，或是落實減少溫室氣體排放，一同為氣候變遷付諸行動！

🦾#國內松 以「💡永續2.0･韌性島嶼」為主題，邀請黑客再次運用科技與開放資料，共同打造 #永續臺灣！

💼國際松提案及活動詳情請進： https://reurl.cc/5oYpDM

💼國內松提案(自即日起至7/16止)及活動詳情請進：https://presidential-hackathon.taiwan.gov.tw

👉2021總統盃黑客松-徵件影片
https://youtu.be/YOe-A9MlXZ0

#PresidentialHackathon2021
#PH2021
#總統盃黑客松

馬德里COP25氣候峰會達成折衷決議，全球各國需在下一輪2020英國格拉斯哥COP26氣候峰會之前提出各國加強版的減碳目標，高度爭議的碳交易市場機制施行細節留待COP26確定！（12/16/2019 BBC、Twitter）

經過史無前例的兩天兩夜的壟長鑿戰，COP25馬德里氣候峰會得各國代表總算針對強化全球減碳以緩解氣候變遷達成折衷性的共識。

大會決議要求與會各國必須在明年度COP26英國蘇格蘭的格拉斯哥回合氣候峰會舉行之前，提出各自國家比現行各國所通過的國家減碳承諾目標（NDC)更加嚴苛的強化減碳施行計劃新版本內容。

也就是所有會員國都必須檢視科學界所提出要將全球增溫限制在攝氏一點五度Ｃ範圍之內所必須達成的減碳減排目標，跟現在各國提出的減碳減排目標之間的差距，針對這個差距提出舉體可行的加強減碳減排執行方案，以避免全球暖化失控，而導致氣候變遷進入無可挽回的危險狀態。

全球科學界現在的共識是，如果按照目前全球各國針對氣候變遷緩解所提出的因應方針去做的話，我們將在2030年代就會面臨全球暖化超過原本預計在本世屆末才會看到的全球增溫超過2.5的Ｃ而導致全球氣候變遷就入災難性境界的臨界點，因此全球各國無法迴避減碳減排方案將越來越嚴苛、具挑戰性的這種大趨勢，必須誠實認真的提出各種負責任的解決方案。

ㄧ如往常地情況，在COP25馬德里回合氣候峰會上，以歐盟國家為主體，再加上身受氣候變遷，海水上升之害的各個海島型小國家的聯盟力抗全球主要排碳大國諸如美國、巴西、印度和中國為了自身的利益，不願讓步達成更為嚴苛國家減碳減排目標的戲碼，再度在馬德里峰會中上演。

來自Power Shift Africa組織的代表 Mohamed Adow 表示：“謝天謝地，由巴西和澳洲所提議的管制較為寬鬆的以市場機制為主的減碳提議被大家給否決了，不然一但通過，這樣的機制勢必將會減損我們減碳減排的努力成果。我們將會繼續奮鬥下去，這場仗會持續延燒的明年度在蘇格蘭格格拉斯哥舉辦的COP26峰會。“

英國政府也將會遭逢相當大的國際輿論壓力，英國最主要的媒體BBC就公開評論，身為COP26格拉斯哥回合氣候峰會的主辦國，如果自身的減碳行動成績就做得差強人意的話，英國政府如何在COP26以身作則要求其他會員國提出更加積極的減碳減排方案呢？

今年的COP25馬德里回合氣候峰會的與會代表普遍對於今年峰會的成果感到失望，感覺在全球面臨氣候變遷緊急狀態的現況下，各國目前的所作所為無法充分反映科學界呼籲全球針對減緩暖化所必須做出的迫切作為。

現任聯合國秘書長 António Guterres 在峰會閉幕之後就立即在自己的推特帳號上發表了相當直白的不滿意見：

“I am disappointed with the results of #COP25.
我對#COP25的結果感到失望。

The international community lost an important opportunity to show increased ambition on mitigation, adaptation & finance to tackle the climate crisis.
國際社會失去了一次對於解決氣候危機所理應展現出來針對緩解氣候危機、氣候調適和所需的財務融資等領域更具企圖心的行動方案的重要機會。

But we must not give up, and I will not give up.
但是我們絕不能放棄努力，而我也絕不放棄努力。”

稍後，聯合國秘書長 António Guterres 又發表了一則補充說明的推特發文：

“I am more determined than ever to work for 2020 to be the year in which all countries commit to do what science tells us is necessary to reach carbon neutrality in 2050 and a no more than 1.5 degree temperature rise.
我比以往更加有決心要努力在2020促成所有的國家都針對科學界告訴我們必須在2025達成碳中和以及將全球暖化控制在不超過1.5度Ｃ這樣的目標上做出具體承諾。”

相關報導請見：
COP25 Climate change talks: 'We’ve lost an important opportunity’
https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-50801493

António Guterres on Twitter
https://twitter.com/antonioguterres/status/1206199048660611073

♡

Climate Change Emergency
每年我參加氣候會議時，只要時間可以，都會參加一場由各個宗教團體在氣候會議會場聯合在一起的祈福許願或遊行活動，不同宗教會用不同方式來祈禱，希望能影響更多人，雖然我不是天主教徒或是基督徒，但幾次的活動中，可以感受到不同宗教界的平和與憂心，都會透過各種方法來提醒世人。
一早收到世界基督教協會，看到這個 Climate Change Emergency 氣候變遷緊急的宣言，Emergency 在我們風險管理中很重要，也有應急管理 Emergency Management ，不只是救護車上的 Emergency 而已，我們真的要非常體認重視這問題了。

幾年前我曾訪問過吳偉立神父，大家可以從 Podcast 聽這段聲音
https://open.spotify.com/show/1ryyVpjRt6faqRT1YfsWif…

彭啟明

-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
Statement on the Climate Change Emergency
25 November 2019

World Council of Churches

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

Bossey, Switzerland

20-26 November 2019

Doc. No. 04.3 rev



Statement on the Climate Change Emergency

But the earth will be desolate because of its inhabitants, for the fruit of their doings.

Micah 7:13

Recent extreme weather events of increasing strength and frequency around the world together with further studies conducted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have jolted many into belated recognition that the climate crisis is not a distant prospect, but is upon us today.

From Hurricane Maria, Tropical Cyclone Idai, Hurricane Dorian and Typhoon Hagibis which caused loss of lives and left widespread devastation in Puerto Rico, in Mozambique, Zimbabwe and Malawi, in the Bahamas and in Japan respectively, to ongoing bushfires in Australia and California, to unprecedented flooding in Bangladesh and in Venice, and to the very recent landslide following exceptionally heavy rains in Kenya, the impacts on our communities - especially the poorest and most vulnerable among us – and on the bountiful Creation that God has entrusted to human beings as stewards – are now all too tragically real.

The latest IPCC special reports on climate change, land, oceans and cryosphere confirm that climate change has become a top driver of hunger all over the world, and project rising sea levels of up to 1 metre by 2100 due to melting glaciers, water scarcity affecting nearly 2 billion people and more intense sea-level events such as storms and flooding, if warming is not kept at the safer limit of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.

Moreover, exceptionally destructive fires and the encroachment of industrial agriculture and mining, have greatly increased concern about runaway deforestation in the largest remaining rainforest ecosystems – the earth’s lungs, the home and heritage of many Indigenous Peoples, and a critical resource in confronting the threat of climate change. Especially in the Amazon, in the Congo Basin, and in West Papua and elsewhere in Indonesia, this resource is, often deliberately, being squandered at a perilous rate.

Children, young people and ordinary citizens have made public demonstration of their outrage at the lack of any adequate response by governments to the gravity of this global crisis, and against the backsliding by some governments. Children have been obliged to mobilize and to raise their voices to demand what adults have failed or refused to deliver – fundamental changes to our economic and social systems in order to preserve God’s Creation and their future.

Indeed, a recent research report shows that governments are currently projected to produce 120% more fossil fuels by 2030 than can be burned if the world is to limit warming to an increase of 1.5°C

In particular, the United States’ formal notification of its intention to withdraw from the Paris Agreement – despite the increasingly disastrous impact of extreme weather events in the US itself – seriously undermines the best hope the international community had secured for a multilateral global response to the climate crisis. This is an abject failure and abdication of global leadership, at precisely the historical moment when such leadership is most needed. It will embolden other backsliding states. It impoverishes and imperils all of us.

The protests against widening inequality in Chile, triggering the move of the 25th Conference of Parties (COP 25) of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) from Santiago to Madrid, underscore the importance of holding together the goals of sustainability and equity, and ensuring that the costs of transitioning to a carbon neutral economy are not borne by those who already have few resources. In other words, there can be no real transition without socio-economic justice.

The time for debate and disputation of established scientific facts is long over. The time for action is swiftly passing. We will all be held to account for our inaction and our disastrous stewardship of this precious and unique planet. The climate emergency is the result of our ecological sins. It is time for metanoia for all. We must now search our hearts and our most fundamental faith principles for a new ecological transformation, and for divine guidance for our next steps to build resilience in the face of this unprecedented millennial challenge.

The executive committee of the World Council of Churches, meeting in Bossey, Switzerland, on 20-26 November 2019, therefore:

Joins other faith leaders, communities and civil society organizations in declaring a climate emergency, which demands an urgent and unprecedented response by everyone everywhere – locally, nationally and internationally.

Expresses its bitter disappointment at the inadequate and even regressive actions by governments that should be leaders in the response to this emergency, especially inaction to stop fires and deforestation, the destruction of Indigenous Peoples’ ancestral lands and livelihoods, and attacks on ecological defenders; the weak commitments made under the Paris Agreement; and measures that place additional financial burdens on poor communities.

Calls on COP 25, taking place in Madrid on 2 to 13 December 2019, to:

- set the groundwork for committing to more ambitious cuts in greenhouse gas emissions as part of Nationally Determined Contributions with a view to attaining carbon neutrality by 2050 and limiting warming to not more than 1.5°C;

- ramp up commitments by wealthy nations to provide sufficient, predictable and transparent climate finance to low-income nations for adaptation and resilience-building;

- strengthen the Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage to include finance to support people and communities affected by the impacts of the climate emergency; and

- promote actions to engage and learn from Indigenous Peoples in and beyond the UNFCCC process, protect biodiversity, combat deforestation, encourage agro-ecology and construct circular and redistributive economies.

Invites UN system partners, consistent with the critical research and policy advice emanating from UN sources, to examine and divest from fossil fuel investments in their own banking systems and pension funds.

Calls on member churches, ecumenical partners, other faith communities and all people of good will and moral conscience to find the means whereby we can make a meaningful contribution in our own contexts to averting the most catastrophic consequences of further inaction and negative actions by governments – and may join in confronting this global crisis through concerted advocacy for climate change mitigation and adaptation, zero fossil fuel use and a “just transition”, as well as through local action, everywhere – in our fellowship, our churches, our communities, our families, and as individuals.